Professions in Andorra

Andorra uses the Classificació nacional d’ocupacions (CNO), administered by the Departament de Treball, to classify occupations for official purposes and statistics. Its hierarchy runs from 9 one-digit major groups through 18 principal groups, 65 two-digit groups, 204 three-digit groups, 477 four-digit groups and 2,215 seven-digit occupations. The classification is planned for updating between 2026 and 2029. A CNO code describes the occupational profile; it does not by itself create a licence or prove that a qualification is required. A professió titulada concerns professional services that require an official Andorran title or a recognized higher-education qualification. Such professions may be subject to a professional college or may operate without one, and they can be practiced as an employee or on an own-account basis in the private or public sector. There is no single licence covering every occupation. Non-titled occupations usually depend on the CNO profile, the employer, the sector and any specific register or professional rule. An official example for an auxiliary logistics and commerce role includes store assistance, sales or promotion, replenishment, cashier work and order logistics under supervision. Qualifications can follow formal higher education, professional training or recognized occupational credentials. The Marc Andorrà de Qualificacions (MAQ) maps professional training credentials to levels: DPI corresponds to level 2, DEP to level 3 and the professional baccalaureate to level 4. The Repertori nacional de qualificacions (RNQ) records official occupational certificates, titles and diplomas, while the Repertori de competències complementàries (RCC) covers complementary competences. The Validació dels aprenentatges basats en l’experiència (VAE) can assess related work experience or training when no equivalent qualification exists. It generally requires Andorran nationality or active legal or frontier residence and at least three years of related activity in Andorra or abroad. The process includes guidance, an evidence dossier and an assessment; a certification body may provide up to ten hours of optional support. People seeking work, qualification improvement, employer intermediation, self-employment guidance or professional orientation can use the Servei d’Ocupació (SOA). Career development may involve additional qualifications, progression with an employer, VAE, own-account practice, a public selection process or rules imposed by a professional college. Public administration generally uses a vacancy and selection procedure for titled roles, and exclusive titled practice within public administration is generally exempt from separate practice authorization unless the relevant college-creation law states otherwise. Foreign qualifications involve two separate questions. Academic recognition establishes the comparable MAQ level, while professional recognition addresses access to the profession and any additional legal requirements. Typical documents include the title, transcript or diploma supplement, curriculum vitae and identification. Documents may require a Hague apostille or diplomatic legalization unless the electronic original can be verified, and a sworn Catalan translation applies when the documents are not in Catalan, Spanish or French. Academic recognition costs 8.58 EUR and has a maximum decision period of two months under the researched procedure; professional recognition and occupation-specific requirements depend on the applicable rules. Titled practice can require authorization before work begins, proof of residence or work status, CASS affiliation, liability insurance, Catalan at B2 level and registration in the relevant register. Health professions are recorded ex officio in the Registre de professionals sanitaris (RPS), and membership in a professional college applies where the profession has one. Own-account practice has different residence and authorization requirements from salaried work. A frontier-work authorization may permit exclusive salaried practice, but it does not automatically permit own-account activity. A non-resident titled professional may generally work for a maximum of 30 calendar days per year after notifying the register at least ten business days before starting; the notification states the activity, place and duration, and requires title recognition and liability insurance. Health work under this short-duration arrangement is limited to an authorized health centre, with additional evidence required for collegiated professions. Professions in Andorra operate within the general employment framework of Llei 31/2018 and occupational-safety rules under Llei 34/2008. The ordinary working limit is 40 hours per week and 1,800 hours per year; averaged schedules can reach 10 hours per day and 48 hours per week. Workers generally receive at least 12 hours between shifts, one full rest day per week and at least 30 calendar days or 22 working days of paid annual leave. Seasonal and fixed-discontinuous contracts are legally available. Night work from 22:00 to 06:00 normally carries at least a 20 percent supplement unless the wage already reflects the nocturnal nature of the work. From 1 July 2026, the researched minimum wage is 9.05 EUR per hour or 1,568.67 EUR per month for the full legal schedule. Employers must assess workplace risks, provide prevention and protection measures, inform and train workers and prepare emergency and first-aid arrangements. Risk-based health surveillance is paid by the employer and remains confidential; mandatory cases include hazardous work, workers under 18, specially sensitive workers and return after more than six months away. The Govern and Department of Labour, SOA, the Ministry of Justice and Interior, the health authorities, the higher-education recognition unit, Servei de Tràmits, CASS and relevant professional colleges each handle different parts of the system. The strongest current staffing relevance appears in hotels and hostelry, ski slopes, travel agencies, commerce and cleaning. The 2025–2026 seasonal quota allocated 3,366 places to hotels, 1,009 to ski slopes, 45 to travel agencies, 455 to commerce and 120 to cleaning. Health, education, care and bus driving also have high relevance; an expansion dated 22 June 2026 reserved 150 places for CNO groups 1 and 2 together with health, education, care and bus occupations, plus 100 places for other occupations listed in Decret 159/2026. These quotas show recruitment relevance and do not establish the prevalence of an occupation or a universal career path.