Professions in Bolivia

Bolivia has no single professional register covering all occupations. The National Classification of Occupations (COB-2023) classifies work according to the activity actually performed and thus distinguishes occupation (ocupación) from profession (profesión). Under this classification, 24.1% of activities are in agriculture, livestock and fishing, 22% in services and sales, 17.2% in construction, industry and other craft occupations, 10% in plant and machine operation, 9.6% in scientific and intellectual occupations, 8.3% in unskilled occupations, 5.2% in mid-level technical occupations, 2.6% in clerical work, 0.8% in management positions and 0.2% in the armed forces. A formal qualification usually comes from a university or a state, private or cooperating technical institute. Possible qualifications range from a mid-level technical qualification (Técnico Medio) or higher technical qualification (Técnico Superior) to a bachelor's degree (Licenciatura). Artistic education also offers technical qualifications or a Licenciatura. Practical learning in a business, family or community can be recognized through the state procedure for recognizing professional competencies (SPCC), leading to an official national certificate. The relevant call for applications typically requires a valid identity document, a birth certificate, proof of the activity performed, two 4 × 4 photographs and a practical examination. On average, at least five years of experience are required; age, access requirements and the exact duration depend on the procedure. Official SPCC procedures are listed as free, and there is no uniform nationwide processing time. Supplementary education can subsequently lead to a technical qualification at the Técnico Básico, Auxiliar or Técnico Medio level. The Ministry of Education, the Vice-Ministry of Higher Vocational Education and the Professional Titles Unit (Unidad de Títulos Profesionales) are responsible for higher-education and technical qualifications. Depending on the profession and institution, foreign higher-education degrees require revalidation (Revalidación) or recognition/equivalence (Homologación); recognition in the country of origin is a prerequisite. Certifications or legalizations may also be required. Health professions require professional registration (Matrícula) from the Ministry of Health. The procedures for initial registration, renewal or duplicates in 2026 also cover Licenciatura, Técnico Superior, Técnico Medio and Auxiliar qualifications; foreign documents can follow an apostille route. For doctors, access to certain specialist-training programs is through the competitive residency procedure (SNRM). Lawyers need a National Professional Title (Título en Provisión Nacional) and registration in the Public Register of Lawyers (Registro Público de Abogados) of the Ministry of Justice; the registration authorizes practice nationwide. Membership in a professional association (Colegio) may support individual procedures, but under the available rules it is not a general requirement for all professions. Employees in dependent employment relationships are entitled under Article 46 of the Bolivian Constitution to decent work, occupational safety, hygiene and health protection, equal treatment and appropriate remuneration. The national minimum wage (Salario Mínimo Nacional) for such employment relationships is 3,300 Bolivianos in 2026. After more than three months of employment, there is generally an entitlement to the year-end bonus (Aguinaldo); when employment ends, proportional twelfths are taken into account. After one year of employment, entitlement is 15 vacation days for one to five years, 20 days for five to ten years and 30 days for more than ten years of service. Public and private employers must maintain a workplace safety and health program (PGSST). Self-employed professionals without employees are generally not covered by the Mandatory Employer Register (Registro Obligatorio de Empleadores).