The established structure has grades 1–4 for primary education, grades 5–9 for basic education and grades 10–11 for upper secondary education. The reform toward 12 years began in the 2025/26 school year and is being introduced gradually. During the transition, some pupils enter the first and second grades under parallel arrangements, and the 2026/27 school year is planned to use both 11-year and 12-year curricula in selected grades. The planned school year for 2026/27 runs from 15 September to 25 May. Preschool education includes kindergartens, alternative services and family education. Предшкольная подготовка provides preparation for school, especially where regular preschool places are unavailable; parents generally pay for care in state or municipal preschool organisations. In 2023, preschool coverage was about 40% in urban areas and 23.2% in rural areas, showing a substantial access gap. Primary admission is handled through the 1mektep electronic system: families register, submit an application and choose a school and teaching language. Admission normally gives priority to the address or microdistrict in the first stage, while the second stage fills remaining places regardless of address. Schools may not use entrance examinations, tests or interviews for ordinary primary admission, but a chosen school is not automatically guaranteed when capacity is insufficient. Kyrgyz and Russian are widely used as teaching languages, and some schools also teach in Uzbek or operate with several languages. Special education and inclusion are both available: children may attend a mainstream or special school, study at home or follow an individual plan, depending on the chosen form and support needs. PMPK means a local psycho-medical-pedagogical consultation that supports assessment and educational planning; its procedures are being revised. Schools should provide reasonable accommodation, accessible materials, assistive technology and psychological-pedagogical support where required. Students have rights to quality education, a safe environment, protection from violence, medical first aid and information resources. Families must support preschool and general schooling, health and safety, inclusion and cooperation with the school. Standard school education is free, but meals, preschool care and some additional resources can involve parent or local contributions. School quality, capacity, language availability and meal arrangements vary between localities.
School in Kyrgyzstan
General school education in Kyrgyzstan covers primary, basic and upper secondary education. These three levels are compulsory by law, and standard education is free in state and municipal schools. Kyrgyzstan is gradually moving from an 11-year to a 12-year school model, while access, teaching language and resources can differ by locality.
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