Housing in Monaco

The Direction de l'Habitat handles major housing matters in Monaco. The Administration des Domaines manages state property, the Commission d’Attribution des Logements Domaniaux assesses applications for state-owned housing, and the Ministre d’État makes the final allocation decision. The Journal de Monaco publishes housing calls and protected-housing offers. Private-market sales and resales are recorded by the official Observatoire Immobilier, but no general state allocation system for private housing is established. Private housing covers ordinary rentals and purchases. Market prices and rents vary by property and transaction, so a general Monaco-wide amount cannot be stated reliably. Access to ownership support is mainly documented for Monegasque nationals. The habitation-capitalisation scheme is a state arrangement rather than full ownership: it grants a 75-year use and capitalisation contract for a state-owned dwelling together with a state loan. It requires at least 10% personal funding. Repayment may run for up to 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30 years, and the annual interest rate is 3% in 2026. The occupant must use the dwelling personally and provide annual evidence concerning rent or occupancy charges, operating costs, damage and insurance. At the end of the contract, the dwelling returns in its handover condition. Succession is limited to a spouse and descendants of Monegasque nationality. The arrangement excludes social-housing stock and properties intended for renovation or demolition. Protected housing, or secteur protégé, concerns residential premises built or completed before 1 September 1947 under Law No. 1,235. Vacancies and rental offers go to the Direction de l'Habitat. An offer must appear in the Journal de Monaco at least three times, with no more than one month between publications. Statutory priority rules determine the eligible applicants. A protected-housing lease normally lasts six years, while the tenant may terminate it annually. Before signing, the lease is submitted to the Direction de l'Habitat within three days for the required visa, and a copy is sent within eight days for registration under the applicable procedure. If works make protected housing temporarily uninhabitable, the landlord provides replacement accommodation in Monaco under the applicable rules, with rent limited to the amount under the previous lease. State-owned housing, or secteur domanial, is generally available to adult Monegasque nationals through application calls published by the Government or in the Journal de Monaco. The application must be complete and submitted within the stated deadline. Late or incomplete applications are generally not examined. A supplementary period of up to three months may be granted only after a proven later and substantial change in health, family circumstances or rent. The Commission d’Attribution des Logements Domaniaux examines applications no later than five months after the deadline, and the Ministre d’État decides. Applicants may be placed on a waiting list. Reasons for refusal can include housing-related public debts, false information, unauthorised subletting, no recurring income, or suitable ownership in Monaco or defined neighbouring municipalities. The dwelling must be used as the main home rather than for a short stay. An exchange within the state housing stock requires a justified application, household and income evidence, and contact with the Direction de l'Habitat. Monegasque nationals living in Monaco can apply for the Aide Nationale au Logement, which combines monetary housing support with a loan. The applicant or spouse must use the dwelling personally and effectively as a tenant, and the dwelling may not exceed normal household needs. The benefit is assessed from the date a complete application is received, cannot be combined with another housing benefit, and changes must be reported without delay. For 2026, the reference rents are EUR 3,000 for a studio, EUR 5,580 for a two-room dwelling, EUR 9,290 for three rooms, EUR 13,490 for four rooms and EUR 16,850 for five or more rooms. The loan component applies only to new leases. The Allocation Différentielle de Loyer provides a separate form of support for tenants living in Monaco in protected housing who do not receive the Aide Nationale au Logement. The tenant must use the dwelling personally and effectively, and the dwelling must remain within normal household needs. For 2026, the income limits based on resources from the previous 12 months are EUR 66,400 for one person, EUR 113,600 for two, EUR 166,200 for three, EUR 188,000 for four and EUR 220,600 for five or more. The allowance is excluded where the household has suitable property in Monaco or within a 15-kilometre radius. Evidence includes a lease registered with the Direction des Services Fiscaux and the latest rent receipt. Private, unprotected rental and purchase arrangements should not be assessed using the special rules of protected or state housing.