The state means the public institutions that exercise authority under Norwegian law. The Storting adopts laws, approves the national budget and supervises the government. The government directs national administration and develops policies within the powers granted by the Constitution and legislation. Independent courts decide legal disputes and apply the law in individual cases. Local government adds a second level of political decision-making. Municipal councils handle local matters such as schools, planning and municipal services, while county councils have responsibilities that can include upper secondary education, public transport and regional development. Their powers and duties operate within national laws and available public funding. Elections connect voters with these institutions. National elections choose representatives to the Storting, while local elections choose municipal and county representatives. Norway mainly uses proportional representation, which distributes seats broadly according to party support. National and local elections therefore influence different decisions, even when the same political parties participate at both levels. Parties may need to cooperate with other parties to form or sustain a governing majority.
Politics in Norway
Politics in Norway determines how public authority is organized, exercised and checked. Norway is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy: the monarch has a formal constitutional role, while the government must retain the confidence of the Storting, Norway’s national parliament. The state includes national institutions, independent courts and elected local authorities, while elections choose representatives who influence decisions at national and local levels.
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