Transport in Paraguay

Paraguay has a large road network with national, departmental and local roads. The Ministry of Public Works and Communications (MOPC) recorded 78,788.66 kilometres of roads on 31 December 2025, including 8,930.36 kilometres in the national network; 83.66% of the total network was unpaved. Conditions differ considerably between regions, so travel time and vehicle choice depend on the road and season. Buses are the main form of public transport. In the Asunción Metropolitan Area, the Vice Ministry of Transport (VMT) coordinates services across 24 municipalities. The Sistema Nacional de Boleto Electrónico (SNBE) uses Jaha and Más cards, with general, student and disability profiles. In 2026, reference fares for AMA services were Gs. 2,300 for conventional buses and Gs. 3,400 for differential services such as E1. The fare integration system allows up to two free transfers within 120 minutes under its applicable conditions. E1 operates between Asunción and San Lorenzo from 05:00 to 23:00 with fixed stops, a ramp and a wheelchair space. Other electric-bus services remain under development, so Paraguay does not yet have one uniform urban-bus model nationwide. Outside the AMA, DINATRAN regulates regular intermunicipal bus services and publishes distance-based fares; terminal charges are added separately. Cars and motorcycles require a municipal driving licence, vehicle registration and the required circulation documents. A licence is valid for at least one year and at most five years, depending on the issuing municipality. Access generally involves literacy in Spanish or Guaraní, a health and dependency declaration, a psychophysical examination and a theory test. A vehicle must carry its identification card, SOAT insurance, number plates, a fire extinguisher, warning equipment and functioning safety systems. Seat belts apply to vehicle occupants. Children under ten should travel in the rear, and children under five require an appropriate child restraint. General speed limits include 50 km/h in urban areas and 110 km/h on rural roads, with lower limits in special zones; buses, trucks and motorcycles have lower rural and urban limits, and signs take priority. Motorcycle riders and passengers need helmets and reflective vests, motorcycles may carry no more than one passenger, and children under twelve may not ride as passengers. Driving under the influence, refusing a test, and failing to use required safety equipment can lead to sanctions. Walking and cycling are legally recognised but infrastructure differs by municipality. Pedestrians have priority at a lawful zebra crossing. Bicycles need working brakes, a bell or horn, front and rear lights, reflectors and mudguards; helmets apply, and reflective clothing is required in poor visibility. Municipal sidewalks and bicycle lanes do not form one nationally uniform network. Motor vehicles may not be driven on the sidewalk. Long-distance travel is dominated by buses. DINATRAN fares depend on the journey and exclude terminal fees. Air transport serves national and international travel mainly through Silvio Pettirossi and Guaraní airports; DINAC recorded 1,327,387 passengers and 58,414 aircraft movements in 2025, with 136 frequencies in December. Airfares are market-based. FEPASA operates passenger rail between Encarnación and Posadas at relatively low prices and carries more than one million passengers per year. The planned Tren de Cercanías between Asunción and Luque, later extending to Ypacaraí, is a project rather than a live national rail service, with construction planned for 2027. Inland passenger shipping is limited and mainly cross-border or tourist-oriented. The Pilar–Puerto Cano service has two morning and two afternoon crossings from Monday to Saturday; river transport within the AMA remains under development, while inland river traffic is primarily for freight. Transport also affects environmental policy. MADES applies mobile-source emission limits under Law 5211/2014 and links emission monitoring to municipal controls, vehicle inspections and vehicle imports. Planning documents identify transport as contributing 88% of CO2 emissions in the combined energy and transport context. The PMME 2023–2040 target of electric urban buses and an electric logistics fleet is a plan, not the current fleet situation; electric buses are being introduced gradually.