School in Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea is implementing a 1-6-6 structure: one Preparatory year, six years of Primary School and six years of High or Secondary School. Registered Early Childhood Education Centres provide formal entry provision, while the older Elementary Prep, E1 and E2 structure is being merged into Primary education. Junior High covers Grades 9–10 and Senior High covers Grades 11–12. Local schools may be state schools, church or other education-agency schools, private or Permitted Schools, National Schools of Excellence, Special or Inclusive Education Resource Centres, or Flexible Open and Distance Education (FODE) providers. A Permitted School must receive a Departmental Head Certificate of Registration before teaching students. The Standards-Based Curriculum uses English, Mathematics, Science and Social Science as core areas and may also include Christian values and citizenship education, physical education, Agriculture, Arts, Business Studies and Information and Communication Technology. Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu, English and local languages have different roles; vernacular or community languages may support early learning, while English becomes central in later Primary and Secondary education. Schools use classroom assessment and national, regional or international examinations. The 2026 national examination dates are 19–22 October for the Grade 8 Certificate of Basic Education, 5–9 October for the Grade 10 Lower Secondary School Certificate and 12–16 October for the Grade 12 Upper Secondary School Certificate. Grade 8 and Grade 10 selection is being discontinued, while Grade 11 selection remains operational through the National Department of Education portal and calendar. The Grade 12 certificate is the main school-leaving qualification and may support later entry into tertiary or vocational education. The 2026 Government Free Education Policy covers tuition and project fees in registered National Education System schools, including Early Childhood Education, Primary, Secondary, National High, Special Education, FODE and Permitted Schools, and prohibits enrollment fees. Families may still face transport, boarding, uniforms and local-material costs because the policy does not establish universal coverage for these expenses. Papua New Guinea has no reliable current nationwide compulsory-attendance rule evidenced in the reviewed national sources; a target of 13 years of universal education is a policy goal, not proof of an enforceable attendance duty. The National Department of Education manages policy, curriculum, standards, inspection, examinations and national grants, while provincial and district bodies, Local-Level Governments, education agencies, Boards of Management, Boards of Governors, school heads and the Teaching Service Commission have different operational responsibilities. There is no direct one-to-one local equivalent of German Gymnasium, Realschule, Hauptschule, Kindergarten or Förderschule; local institutions should be understood by their actual function.