Hiqûq li Turkmenistanê

Hiqûq li Turkmenistanê pergala qaîdeyan e ku têkiliyên di navbera kesan, rêxistinên, kardêrên, desthilatdarên giştî û peydakerên bazirganî de rê dide. Qadên wê yên sereke hiqûqa karê, hiqûqa koçberiyê, hiqûqa sûcê, parastina xerîdaran û hiqûqa medenî ne. Qaîdeyên pêwendîdar, saziya berpirsiyar û çareseriya berdest bi cureya mijara hiqûqî ve girêdayî ne.

Labor law

Labor law covers contracts, working time, pay, leave and dismissal.

Immigration law

Immigration law in Turkmenistan governs entry, visas, registration, residence, work, study, family migration, protection and citizenship. The State Migration Service of Turkmenistan (SMS) handles most immigration procedures, while the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and consulates handle visas abroad and citizenship applications abroad. Foreign nationals generally have the same basic rights and duties as citizens, subject to legal restrictions, including limits on voting, movement in restricted areas and employment.

Right of residence

Criminal law

Criminal law in Turkmenistan defines criminal conduct, investigation, court proceedings, penalties and the rights of accused and harmed persons. The Criminal Code applies nationwide and recognizes legality, equality, personal fault, fairness and humane treatment. Only a court may impose a criminal penalty, and a person is presumed innocent until a final conviction.

Consumer protection

Consumer protection in Turkmenistan safeguards private buyers and users when they purchase goods, services, financial products, travel services or digital offers from commercial providers. The framework rests on the Constitution, Civil Code, the 2014 Law of Turkmenistan on Consumer Protection and sector-specific laws. It provides information rights, quality protections, remedies for defects, complaint channels and access to court.

Civil law

Civil law in Turkmenistan regulates legal relationships between private individuals and organisations. It covers legal capacity, contracts, property, family matters, inheritance, compensation for harm, civil court proceedings and enforcement. The current Civil Code was adopted on 28 June 2025, took effect on 1 January 2026 and replaced the 1998 Civil Code.

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