In Vatican City State, or Stato della Città del Vaticano, the reviewed official sources do not show a general commercial register, business chamber or startup-support system equivalent to an ordinary private market. The main routes are state-run distribution and services, concessions, public contracts, formally established legal persons and temporary specialist services. State activities include Annona, Emporio, the Central Pharmacy, Autoparco and philatelic or numismatic sales. The pharmaceutical service is organized by the state, and the resale of goods imported privately in commercial quantities is prohibited under Law No. V of 7 June 1929. Shops, companies, workshops, industrial activities, offices and fixed professional premises require prior authorization from the President of the Governorate or the Governorate authority. Foreign professionals may also need to prove the required qualification. The Governatorato, the governing authority responsible for several economic activities, postal and philatelic services and customs functions, can grant a concession for service management. A concession transfers a defined service right and may transfer pricing or operating rights, while the concession holder carries the operational risk. Public suppliers usually apply digitally to the Segreteria per l'Economia for the Albo Unico Comparto del Governatorato, a unified supplier register. The application requires the relevant category and supporting evidence; certificates may be no more than 12 months old, and an entry normally lasts five years. Registration is generally required before a contract, although a public procedure may admit an unregistered provider that meets its requirements. Public offers normally allow at least 30 days for submission. A request for proposals up to €150,000 requires at least three providers and normally allows at least 15 days, while direct awards up to €50,000 remain subject to transparency and rotation rules. Supplier participation fees range from €50 to €250 depending on the estimated contract or concession value. A formal legal person needs a public founding act and statutes, a seat in Vatican City State, a defined purpose and activity, and initial capital of at least €50,000. The Ufficio Giuridico handles the application and legal-person register, while the Segreteria di Stato authorizes the legal person. The annual registration fee for the Registro delle persone giuridiche is €10 from 1 January 2026. A legal person keeps a journal, inventory, budget and annual accounts, reports register changes within 30 days, and submits annual accounts within 30 days after approval. Invoices, contracts and account statements must be retained for at least 10 years on Vatican City State territory, and anti-money-laundering and counter-terrorist-financing duties apply. Violations can lead to fines of €1,000 to €50,000 for the legal person and €500 to €2,000 for its representative, with possible activity bans or removal from the register. Occasional or temporary services for residents are generally permitted, subject to entry, stay and qualification rules. Imports and exports require coordination with the Servizi doganali and the Italian Customs and Monopolies Agency, including digital documents, certificates and permits. Real-estate sales, leases, usage rights and alterations require prior Governorate authorization.
Business in Vatican City
Business activity in Vatican City does not follow a general open private-market registration model documented in the official sources reviewed. Economic activity instead uses state-run services, concessions, public procurement, formally authorized legal persons and temporary or occasional services. Shops, workshops, offices and other fixed professional businesses require prior authorization, while access, capital, documents and cross-border goods depend on the chosen pathway.
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