Ukungasebenzi eSwatini

Ucwaningo Lwamandla Abasebenzi lwabala ukungasebenzi ngo-33.5% ngo-2025, uma kuqhathaniswa no-35.4% ngo-2023 no-33.3% ngo-2021. Isilinganiso sango-2021 sabala abantu abangu-121,051 abangasebenzi abaneminyaka engu-15 nangaphezulu. Amazinga ayehluka ngeqembu nangendawo: u-59.1% kwabaneminyaka engu-20 kuya ku-24, u-54.5% kwabaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-19, u-33.9% kwabesifazane, u-32.7% kwabesilisa, u-39.9% eManzini, u-30.5% eHhohho, u-30% eShiselweni no-26.3% eLubombo. Abanye abantu abangu-37,859 babengabafuna umsebenzi abadikibele kwathi abangu-93,902 babetholakala ukuze basebenze kodwa bengasafuni umsebenzi muva nje; ukubahlanganisa namandla abasebenzi angaba khona kwenyusa isilinganiso esihlanganisiwe saba ngu-47.1%. Umsebenzi ongahlelekile ongewona owezolimo wawungu-85.8%, okunciphisa ukufinyelela ekuvikelweni komsebenzi ohlelekile nasezinhlelweni ezidinga iminikelo. UMnyango Wezabasebenzi Nokuvikeleka Komphakathi uhola inqubomgomo yezabasebenzi. UMnyango Wezinkonzo Zokuqashwa Kazwelonke uhlinzeka ngokukhuthaza ukuqashwa, ulwazi ngezikhala, ukuthuthukisa amakhono, ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi, ukuvuselelwa kwamakhono, ukuhlolwa kobungcweti, ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi ngaphansi kwesivumelwano, ukuqeqeshwa nokwenziwa kwabasekhaya kuqala, kanye nezibalo zezabasebenzi. Uhlelo Lwayo Lolwazi Ngemakethe Yezabasebenzi, noma i-LMIS, luhloselwe ukunikeza indawo eyodwa yolwazi lwezabasebenzi nokuxhumanisa abantu nemisebenzi, kodwa ukufinyelela kwamanje okubukhoma akuqinisekisiwe. Alukho ulwazi olusemthethweni oluthembekile olubeka imfuneko yokubhalisa evamile, imali yesevisi noma umnqamulajuqu wokusebenzisa lezi zinsizakalo, futhi akukho mfuneko kazwelonke eyimpoqo yokubhalisa njengongasebenzi noma yokwelulekwa ngaphambi kokubhalisa etholakele. Asikho isibonelelo samanje esiqinisekisiwe esibekwe ngumthetho sezwe lonke sokungasebenzi esinezimo ezishicilelwe zokufaneleka, izimali ezikhokhwayo, ubude, isikhathi sokulinda, iminikelo noma iminqamulajuqu yesikhalazo. ISikhwama Sikazwelonke Sempesheni SeSwatini sihlinzeka ngokonga komhlalaphansi nokungakwazi ukusebenza, hhayi inkokhelo yokungasebenzi. ISikhwama Sempesheni Yabasebenzi Bakahulumeni okwamanje asihlinzeki ngenzuzo yokungasebenzi. Imisebenzi yokuvikeleka komphakathi ekhona igxile kakhulu ekugugeni, ekukhubazekeni, ekufeni nasekulimaleni emsebenzini. Isiphakamiso sesikhwama senzuzo yokungasebenzi sango-2023 asiwona umthetho osebenzayo: sasihlose ukuhlanganisa umkhakha ohlelekile, singafaki abasebenzi abangahlelekile nabazisebenzayo, sidinge iminikelo yezinyanga ezingu-12 ezinyangeni ezingu-18 ezedlule, sibe nesikhathi sokulinda sezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, sikhokhe kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, okungenani u-50% wesilinganiso seholo, kungabi ngaphezu kuka-E15,000 ngenyanga, kube neminikelo ephelele ecishe ibe ngu-3.75% nomkhawulo womnikelo ongu-E30,000 ngenyanga. Lezi zibalo ezisalungiswa azidali ilungelo lamanje noma isibopho sokukhokha. Uma ukungasebenzi kulandela ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi okubangelwe umqashi, uMthetho Wokuqashwa ka-1980 nemithetho yomkhakha esebenzayo kunganikeza amalungelo emali noma enqubo. Ukuncishiswa kwabasebenzi kuhlanganisa ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi okuhlobene nezimo ezifana nokuvalwa kwebhizinisi, ukwenza izinto zibe zesimanjemanje, ukusebenzisa imishini esikhundleni sabasebenzi, ubunzima bezezimali noma bokumaketha, ukushoda kwama-oda noma kwezinto zokukhiqiza, noma ukwehla kwebhizinisi. Umsebenzi osebenze ngokuqhubekayo okungenani unyaka owodwa angase afanelekele imali yokuyeka umsebenzi elingana nomholo wezinsuku zokusebenza eziyishumi ngonyaka ngamunye ophelele, kuncike kokuhlukile okubekwe ngumthetho. Izikhathi zesaziso zincike emthethweni nasesivumelwaneni; ngemva kwesikhathi sokuhlolwa, abasebenzi abakhokhelwa ngenyanga ngokuvamile bathola okungenani isaziso senyanga eyodwa, kanti abakhokhelwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili bathola okungenani izinsuku ezingu-14. Imiyalo yamaholo yomkhakha ingangeza imithetho ethile yokumiswa komsebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, umthethonqubo wamaholo ka-2024 uvumela isaziso samahora angu-24 futhi ukhawulela ukumiswa komsebenzi okungakhokhelwa ezinsukwini zokusebenza ezingu-15 ngenxa yokushoda kwezinto, noma ezinsukwini zokusebenza ezingu-30 ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesikhashana noma enye imbangela yangaphandle; ngemva kwalokho umsebenzi kufanele uqale kabusha noma ukuqedwa komsebenzi kulandele uMthetho Wokuqashwa. Lesi sibonelo asisebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo kuyo yonke imikhakha. Uma kuhlelwa ukuncishiswa kwabasebenzi abahlanu noma ngaphezulu, umqashi ngokuvamile kufanele anikeze uKhomishana Wezabasebenzi nesikhungo sokuxoxisana ngokuhlanganyela esifanele isaziso esibhaliwe okungenani inyanga eyodwa kusengaphambili. Isaziso kufanele sisho inani labasebenzi abathintekayo, imisebenzi yabo namaholo, izizathu, usuku okuhloswe ngalo, kanye nolwazi olufanele lwezezimali noma lwezinye izindlela. Ukuxoshwa akufanele kube ngokungafanele. UMnyango Wezabasebenzi ungenelela, kanti i-CMAC neNkantolo Yezimboni zisingatha izingxabano ngokwesimo nangendlela yomthetho esebenzayo. ISikhwama Somlando Sosizo Lokuncishiswa Kwabasebenzi se-COVID-19 sasekela abasebenzi abangu-23,040 ezinkampanini ezingu-155 ngo-E25 million ngo-2021, kodwa sasiyisinyathelo sesikhathi senhlekelele futhi asidali inzuzo eqhubekayo yokungasebenzi. Ukuze ubuyele emsebenzini, uMnyango Wezinkonzo Zokuqashwa Kazwelonke uyindlela eyinhloko yomphakathi yokuxhumanisa nezikhala, ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi, ukuhlolwa kobungcweti, ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi ngaphansi kwesivumelwano nokuvuselelwa kwamakhono abantu abakhubazekile. Ukufinyelela kungaba nzima lapho ezokuthutha, ukuxhumeka kwezindawo zasemakhaya noma ukufinyelela kwedijithali kulinganiselwe. Umuntu ophuma emsebenzini ohlelekile kufanele agcine isivumelwano sokuqashwa, iziliphu zomholo, isaziso sokunqanyulwa noma sokuncishiswa kwabasebenzi, ukubalwa kwemali yokuyeka umsebenzi namarekhodi engxabano, bese ecela incazelo eMnyangweni Wezabasebenzi noma kuKhomishana Wezabasebenzi uma umqashi engazilandelanga izimfuneko ezisebenzayo.