Amabhizinisi e-Eswatini

Kubikwa ukuthi angaphezu kuka-70% ama-MSME e-Eswatini, okusho amabhizinisi amancane kakhulu, amancane naphakathi, awakahleleki. Ukuhweba okungakahleleki kusabalulekile, kodwa ukwenza ibhizinisi libe semthethweni kungasiza ekutholeni amathenda, uxhaso, amakhasimende amakhulu nokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe. Imithetho kazwelonke ngokuvamile isebenza kulo lonke izwe; ucwaningo olutholakalayo alukhombisi umehluko wokuphatha oqinisekisiwe phakathi kwezifunda noma amadolobha. Ibhizinisi lingasebenza njengomhwebi ozimele, ubambiswano, umfelandawonye, inkampani yangasese, inkampani yomphakathi, inhlangano engenzi nzuzo noma umhwebi ongakahleleki. Inkampani ivame ukuqala ngokusesha noma ukubekelwa igama, ukulungisa iMemorandum and Articles of Association neDeclaration of Compliance, ukubhalisa kuRegistrar of Companies, ukufaka iFomu J zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-21 nokuthola ilayisensi yokuhweba. Isevisi ethi online.gov.sz inikeza izicelo zokusesha nokubekelwa amagama enkampani, ukubhalisa namalayisensi okuhweba noma otshwala. Iziqondiso ezisemthethweni zamanje azivumelani ngokuphelele: ikhasi elilodwa leRegistrar libeka izimali zokubhalisa ku-E625 ngemali eyinhloko efika ku-E10,000, E925 efika ku-E30,000, E1,300 efika ku-E50,000 no-E1,825 engaphezu kuka-E50,000; elinye ikhasi likahulumeni libala u-E20 wokubekelwa igama nezikhathi zokucubungula ezihlukile. Ngaphambi kokukhokha, qinisekisa izimali zamanje, amafomu, isikhathi sokucubungula nokuthi kudingeka yini usizo lukadokotela wezomthetho kuRegistrar. UMnyango Wezohwebo, Wezimboni Nohwebo uphatha amalayisensi okuhweba. Inqubo ingafaka isicelo, isaziso somphakathi zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu nokukhishwa kwelayisensi okujwayelekile phakathi kwezinye izinsuku ezintathu, kanye nemali yokukhangisa engu-E50. Izidingo ziyehluka phakathi kwendawo yasemadolobheni, ipulazi elizimele noSwazi Nation Land (SNL). Izicelo zezinkampani zivame ukudinga isivumelwano sokuqasha noma itayitela, isitatimende sasebhange, omazisi babaqondisi nemibhalo yobuzwe, ubufakazi bentela obuhlukanisiwe, Certificate of Incorporation, Memorandum and Articles of Association, amaFomu J no-C. Isicelo sepulazi noma sendawo ezimele singadinga nombiko wezempilo negunya likangqongqoshe. Ku-SNL kungadingeka imvume yeNkosi noma isincomo seSwazi Commercial Amadoda. Iziqondiso ezishicilelwe zibeka leyo mvume kubantu bomdabu abangamaSwazi nezinkampani eziphethwe ngokuphelele ngabomdabu abangamaSwazi. Eminye imisebenzi engakahleleki ibhalwe njengekhululiwe esinyathelweni sokukhangisa nencwadi yokugunyaza, kuhlanganise ukugunda izinwele, ukulungisa izicathulo, ukuhweba ngemfuyo noma umkhiqizo wasepulazini, usizo lwezimoto eziphukile, ukuthengisa emgwaqweni, ukuthengisa ngemikhiqizo noma umsebenzi wezandla, izinqola zabathengisi, ukulungisa izicathulo, umsebenzi wensimbi noma wezicathulo zamahhashi, amabhizinisi omakhalekhukhwini ohlobo lwe-spaza nokugeza izimoto. Inkampani noma umhwebi ozimele ngokuvamile udinga inombolo kamazisi wentela evela ku-Eswatini Revenue Service (ERS). Isicelo singadinga imibhalo yokubhaliswa noma iFomu J, umazisi, ubufakazi bebhange nekheli nelayisensi yokuhweba; umgomo wesikhathi se-ERS oshiwoyo ungafika ezinsukwini ezingu-30. Yonke inkampani ifaka imbuyiselo yentela engenayo yonyaka, ngisho nenkampani ebhalisiwe engakaqali ukusebenza, futhi kufanele yazise i-ERS ngesimo sayo ngokubhala. I-value-added tax (VAT) iba yimpoqo uma inzuzo ekhokhiswa intela idlula u-E900,000. Ibhizinisi elingaphansi kwalowo mkhawulo lingafaka isicelo ngokuzithandela uma lihlangabezana nezimfuneko. Ibhizinisi elibhalisele i-VAT kufanele libonise isitifiketi, likhokhise i-VAT, likhiphe ama-invoyisi entela, ligcine amarekhodi e-Eswatini lifake izimbuyiselo nezinkokhelo ngesikhathi. I-Presumptive Tax isebenza kusukela mhla ka-1 kuJulayi 2024 kubantu ngabanye nasezinkampanini ezinenzuzo engaphansi kuka-E500,000. Ukubhalisa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi konyaka wentela noma phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili kuqalwe ibhizinisi. Ubufakazi obuvamile y umazisi noma imibhalo yokubhaliswa neFomu J, ilayisensi yokuhweba nobufakazi bebhange noma bekheli. Amarekhodi ayisisekelo angaba yincwadi yemali noma incwajana, amarekhodi okuthengisa noma enkonzo ansuku zonke, nerejista yezimpahla ezingaguquki noma ishidi lokubala. Intela yesikhashana elinganisiwe ikhokhwa ngezitolimende ezine bese kulandelwa imbuyiselo yonyaka. Ama-cooperative anikeza enye indlela yebhizinisi leqembu. Ukubhalisa ngehhovisi lesifunda lama-cooperative kuvame ukudinga amakhophi amathathu emithetho yangaphakathi, isicelo, uhlelo lwebhizinisi nesitatimende sokungena nokuphuma kwemali, ulwazi lwezimali, ucwaningo lokungenzeka noma lwezomnotho, incwadi yesicelo, imali yesicelo engu-E110 namasignesha okungenani amalungu afanelekayo ayisikhombisa. I-SEDCO, i-Small Enterprises Development Company ephethwe uhulumeni ngaphansi kwe-MCIT, isiza ama-MSME asafisayo nasebenzayo ngokuqeqeshwa kwezamabhizinisi, ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwebhizinisi, ukwelulekwa, ukugcinwa kwamabhuku, usizo lwembuyiselo yentela, ukubala izindleko namanani, amathenda, usizo lwezomthetho, ukubhaliswa kwezinkampani, amalayisensi okuhweba, ukusiza ukufinyelela ezimakethe nokukhulisa amabhizinisi amasha. Izinhlelo zayo zihlanganisa izifundo zezinsuku ezimbili zamasonto, ukuhlola umqondo kwesonto elilodwa, ukuqeqeshwa kohlelo lwebhizinisi kwesonto elilodwa, uhlelo lokukhulisa ibhizinisi lweminyaka emithathu, izindawo ezixhaswa ngemali, izinhlelo zamakhono zezinyanga eziyisithupha nokuqapha ngemva kohlelo kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu. I-SEDCO inezikhungo eziyisishiyagalolunye ezifundeni ezine, ezinamayunithi angaba ngu-25 kuya ku-120 square metres. Izimali zokuqeqesha ezibalwe zisukela ku-E615 kuya ku-E1,256 ngezinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu. Isifundo se-SIMAMA sebanga sibhalwe njengezinsuku ezingu-30 ngemali engu-E920, noma intengo yokukhangisa engu-E700. Kungase kudingeke ukubhalisa, ukukhokha, imishini efanele yokuqeqeshwa ku-inthanethi, nokuhlolwa kwebhizinisi uma kuxhunywa noxhaso. Uxhaso aluqinisekisiwe. I-Central Bank of Eswatini ilawula i-Small-Scale Enterprise Loan Guarantee Scheme ne-Export Credit Guarantee Scheme, kodwa ababolekisi ababambe iqhaza yibo abakhipha imali mboleko. Ohlelweni lwamabhizinisi amancane, imali mboleko enkulu ingu-E1,000,000, isiqinisekiso esingu-95% nomnikelo ongu-5% kwabasanda kuqala, kanye nesiqinisekiso esingu-85% nomnikelo ongu-15% kumabhizinisi akhona. Intsha yaseSwatini eneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-35 ingathola isiqinisekiso esingu-98% nomnikelo ongu-2% uma isiqala, noma u-95% no-5% uma ibhizinisi selikhona. Uhlelo lokuthumela kwamanye amazwe lunikeza isiqinisekiso esingu-90% esifika ku-E3,300,000, abathumeli bempahla banikele ngo-10% njengesiqinisekiso. I-IDCE ixhasa amabhizinisi abhalisiwe nabahwebi abazimele uma iphrojekthi inengqondo futhi iphethwe kahle, futhi obolekayo ehlinzeka ngesibambiso esilingana okungenani nemali mboleko. Izikhathi zokucubungula ezikhonjisiwe zisukela emasontweni amabili ku-E10,000 kuya ku-E500,000, emasontweni amathathu ku-E500,000 kuya ku-E10,000,000, nasezinyangeni ezimbili ngaphezu kuka-E10,000,000; inzalo eshicilelwe ingu-15% kuya ku-20%. I-FINCORP inikeza uxhaso lokuqala nokwandisa oluqondiswe kwizakhamuzi e-Nation Land nase-Title Deed Land, ngokuhlolwa kombolekisi, amarekhodi nesibambiso. Usizo lwamathenda nge-SEDCO luvame ukudinga ibhizinisi elibhalisiwe, imibhalo yenkampani yamanje, amalayisensi, ukuthobela intela, iphrofayili yenkampani nokubalwa kwezindleko ezihambisana nethenda. I-EIPA ingasiza ekubhaliseni inkampani, kumalayisensi okuhweba, ekusekeleni abatshalizimali nasekulungiseleleni ukuthumela kwamanye amazwe. Inqubo yayo yokutshalwa kwezimali ingadinga amagama amathathu aphakanyisiwe, izinhloso zenkampani, amakheli asemzimbeni naweposi, imininingwane yobunikazi bamasheya, amapasipoti aqinisekisiwe abaqondisi nabanamasheya, izimali zikahulumeni nokuhlolwa. Abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe bangadinga nezimvume zebhizinisi noma zomsebenzi; i-EIPA ithi izinsuku ezinhlanu zokusebenza kubaqondisi bezinkampani nezinsuku ezimbili zokusebenza kubasebenzi abavela kwamanye amazwe ezicelweni ezifanele, kuye ngenqubo nezimvume ezisebenzayo. Ngesikhathi isebenza, inkampani igcina amarekhodi enkampani, entela nawokubala, ifake izinguquko ngeFomu J zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-21, ithumele imbuyiselo yonyaka iFomu C nemali phakathi komhla ka-1 kuJulayi nomhla ka-31 ku-Agasti, ivuselele ilayisensi yokuhweba futhi ikhokhe ilayisensi yenkampani yonyaka ngaphansi kwe-TF42. Izinkampani zomphakathi nezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo ziletha izitatimende zezimali zonyaka ezihloliwe. Lapho umsebenzi uphela, ukwesulwa kwe-VAT kudinga isaziso esibhaliwe ngemva kokuma kokuhlinzekwa okukhokhiswa intela noma lapho umkhawulo ungabe usafinyelelwa. Izibopho zokufaka intela engenayo nokwazisa ziyaqhubeka kuze kube i-ERS yamukela ukuvalwa kwebhizinisi. Ukususwa noma ukuqedwa kwenkampani kuphathwa yiRegistrar ngaphansi kweCompanies Act esebenzayo. Umthethosivivinywa wezinkampani wakamuva neGazette kuqukethe imithetho ehlongozwayo yokususwa nokuqedwa, kodwa akukaqinisekiswa ukuthi isiphenduke umthetho; ngakho iRegistrar yamanje noma umeluleki wezomthetho oqeqeshiwe kufanele aqinisekise inqubo yokuvala.