Imisebenzi ehlukahlukene e-Eswatini

I-Eswatini ihlela imisebenzi ibe abaphathi, ochwepheshe, ochwepheshe abasebenzisana nabo, abasebenzi abasekela imisebenzi yehhovisi, abasebenzi bezinsizakalo nabadayisi, abasebenzi abanamakhono kwezolimo, emahlathini nasekudobeni, abasebenzi bezandla nemisebenzi ehlobene, abasebenzisa futhi bahlanganise izimboni nemishini, kanye nemisebenzi eyisisekelo. La maqembu achaza izinhlobo zomsebenzi ngezinhloso zezibalo nokuhlela, kodwa awafakazeli ngokuzenzakalela iziqu, ukubhaliswa noma ilayisensi. Ngakho umuntu onolwazi emsebenzini wezandla angase adinge ukuhlolwa kwekhono okuhlukile, kanti umuntu oneziqu zemfundo angase adinge ukubhaliswa emsebenzini ngaphambi kokusebenza emkhakheni olawulwayo. Imisebenzi yezandla enamakhono, ukufundisa, ezempilo, ezokwakha, ezolimo, ezokukhiqiza, ezobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana, amandla nezokuvakasha ibaluleke kakhulu e-Eswatini. Uhlu lwezinto ezibekwa eqhulwini lwango-2023–2027 lugxile kakhulu kwezolimo nokucubungula imikhiqizo yezolimo; kwezobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuxhumana, ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile, isayensi yedatha, ukuzenzakalela, amarobhothi ne-Internet of Things; emandleni, emandleni avuselelekayo, ezimayini nasekulinganiseni umhlaba; kwezemfundo, imfundo yezidingo ezikhethekile, imfundo yezandla, i-audiology ne-speech-language pathology; nasemakhonweni okukhiqiza afana ne-computer numerical control, ukusebenza kwezimboni, ukugaya, umsebenzi we-millwright, ukufaka nokulungisa izimboni. Ukuba sohlwini kusho ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa nokuthuthukiswa kubekwe eqhulwini. Akukuniki ngokwakho imvume yokusebenza emsebenzini noma kuqinisekise umsebenzi. Uhlaka oluyinhloko lokuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe lubizwa nge-Industrial and Vocational Training, evame ukufushaniswa ngokuthi i-IVT. I-Directorate of Industrial and Vocational Training, noma i-DIVT, iphethe imisebenzi eyinhloko yokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi nokuhlolwa kwemisebenzi yezandla ngaphansi kwe-Industrial and Vocational Training Act 1982. Ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kuvame ukuthatha iminyaka emihlanu futhi kuhlanganisa umsebenzi wezandla oqondiswayo nemfundo yethiyori. Umqashi nomfundi basebenzisa inkontileka echaza amalungelo nemisebenzi, kanti i-DIVT iqondisa ukuqeqeshwa futhi iqinisekise ukuphothula. Uhlu lwamanani olushicilelwe lubonisa amaholo omfundi angu-E9.86 ngehora ngonyaka wokuqala, angu-E12.04 ngowesibili, angu-E14.47 ngowesithathu, angu-E17.41 ngowesine nangu-E20.42 ngowesihlanu. Lezi zibalo kufanele ziqhathaniswe nenkontileka yamanje noma ne-Gazette ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo ngoba izinhlelo zamaholo zingashintsha. Ukuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe nezamakhono kungaqhutshwa nase-ECOT, e-Gwamile VOCTIM, e-Sebenta National Institute nakwabanye abahlinzeki abagunyaziwe. Ukulungiselela imfundo ephakeme kuvame ukudinga isikhungo nohlelo okugunyaziwe. Ukufunda okuqondiswa emsebenzini, ukuqeqeshwa kwangaphakathi emsebenzini nokuqeqeshwa kabusha kungakha ikhono ngaphandle kohlelo olugcwele lwezemfundo. I-Vocational Training and Rehabilitation Services inikeza indlela yokufinyelela esebenzayo kubantu abakhubazekile. Izimfuneko zokwamukelwa, izimali, ubude besifundo neziqu ezinikezwayo kuyahlukahluka ngesikhungo nangohlelo. I-Trade Testing Scheme iqinisekisa amakhono atholwe ngemfundo ehlelekile, ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi okungahlelekile noma ukufunda okungahlelekile. Ibaluleke kakhulu lapho umuntu efunde umsebenzi wezandla onamakhono esemsebenzini kodwa engenaso isitifiketi esisemthethweni. I-Trade Testing Panel inabameleli abaqeqeshiwe okungenani abathathu abavela ezikhungweni zokuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe, ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni noma zomphakathi nasezimbonini ezizimele. I-Trade Test Grade 3 imele ikhono lomsebenzi onamakhono aphakathi, i-Grade 2 imele ikhono lomsebenzi onamakhono, kanti i-Grade 1 imele ikhono eliphakeme kakhulu. Abafakizicelo ngokuvamile kufanele babe neminyaka okungenani eyi-18. I-Grade 3 ivame ukudinga okungenani iminyaka emithathu yolwazi lomsebenzi. I-Grade 2 ivame ukudinga isitifiketi se-Grade 3 neminye izinyanga eziyi-18 yolwazi. I-Grade 1 ivame ukudinga isitifiketi se-Grade 2 neminye iminyaka emibili nengxenye yolwazi. Izibonelo zemisebenzi ehlolwayo zihlanganisa umakhenikha wezimoto, umakhenikha wemishini emikhulu, umbazi noma umenzi wezinto zokhuni, umakhenikha wezinsimbi zokulinganisa, uchwepheshe kagesi wezimoto, umkhandi wezimoto ezishayeke emaceleni, umakhenikha wezolimo, osebenza ngamapayipi amanzi, umshini wokujika noma umkhandi wemishini, osebenza ngamabhoyila, umshiseli noma umenzi wezinsimbi, umakhi wezindonga noma umaplasta, osebenza ngogesi, umkhandi wemishini yokulungisa, ukuthunga, umsebenzi weshidi lensimbi, ukufaka amapayipi, ukupenda noma ukufaka ingilazi, umakhenikha wemishini yokwakha nomsizi womhloli womhlaba. I-Eswatini Qualifications Authority, eyaziwa nge-EQA, ithuthukisa futhi isebenzise i-Eswatini Qualifications Framework, ibhalise iziqu zikazwelonke, iqinisekise futhi ihlole iziqu zasekhaya nezakwamanye amazwe futhi igcine isizindalwazi seziqu. I-EQA nayo inomsebenzi wokwamukela ukufunda kwangaphambilini njengobufakazi, nakuba inqubomgomo nokusetshenziswa kwayo kusathuthuka. Ukuqinisekiswa noma ukuhlolwa kungasiza ekuqashelweni nasekuhambeni phakathi kwezinhlelo, kodwa akuniki ngokuzenzakalela umuntu ilungelo lokusebenza emsebenzini olawulwayo. I-Eswatini Higher Education Council, noma i-ESHEC, ibhalisa futhi igunyaze izikhungo nezinhlelo zemfundo ephakeme, ihlole izikhungo futhi isebenzise izindinganiso zekhwalithi. Izinhlelo zakwamanye amazwe noma ezinikezwa ngokubambisana zidinga ukuqashelwa ngohlelo lwekhwalithi olufanele, hhayi ukuthembela kuphela endleleni isikhungo esizichaza ngayo. Eminye imisebenzi idinga ukubhaliswa noma ilayisensi ehlukile yomkhakha. Uhlu lwemisebenzi enqunyiwe ku-Immigration Regulations luhlanganisa ochwepheshe bezempilo, odokotela bamazinyo, ochwepheshe bezomthetho, abahloli bomhlaba, abaklami bezakhiwo, osokhemisi, odokotela bezilwane nonjiniyela. Umthetho wamanje womkhakha nenhlangano ebhalisayo okufanele ibhekwe kuncike emsebenzini othile. I-Medical and Dental Council ilawula ukusebenza kwezokwelapha nokwelapha amazinyo. I-Eswatini Nursing Council igcina irejista yobungcweti, ilawula amalayisensi nokuvuselelwa kokubhaliswa, igunyaza imfundo nezinhlelo, ibeka umkhawulo womsebenzi futhi iphatha izindaba zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe. Ngakho umhlengikazi udinga ukubhaliswa nelayisensi edingekayo ngaphambi kokusebenza ngaphakathi komkhawulo ogunyaziwe. I-Construction Industry Council ibeka izindinganiso zobungcweti, zokuziphatha nezokuphepha futhi isekela ukuqeqeshwa nokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe emkhakheni wezokwakha. Ukufundisa kunesakhiwo sakho sobungcweti. I-Teaching Service Commission, noma i-TSC, iphethe ukubhaliswa nezindaba zokuqashwa, izindinganiso, ukukhushulwa ezikhundleni, ukudluliselwa, ukuziphatha nokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe ku-Teaching Service. I-Primary Teachers Diploma ngokuvamile iholela ekufundiseni amabanga aphansi, i-Secondary Teachers Diploma ngokuvamile iholela ekufundiseni amabanga aphansi esekondari, kanti iziqu kanye nemfundo ngokuvamile kuholela ekufundiseni amabanga aphezulu esekondari. Iziqu ezilinganayo zingacatshangelwa, kodwa i-TSC inquma ukuthi imibhalo nokulungiselela kuyahlangabezana yini nezimfuneko ezisebenzayo. Izicelo zingadinga amakhophi aqinisekisiwe eziqu zemfundo nezobungcweti, umazisi noma ubufakazi bokuzalwa, umbiko wezokwelapha, izithombe neminye imibhalo esekelayo. Othisha bangaphandle bangase badinge nemvume yamaphoyisa, ipasipoti esebenzayo nokuhunyushwa kwesiNgisi. Izimo zasemsebenzini zithinta ukubaluleka okusebenzayo komsebenzi. I-Department of Labour iphethe ukusetshenziswa komthetho wezabasebenzi, ukuhlolwa kwabasebenzi, ukuhlolwa kwezempilo nokuphepha emsebenzini kanye ne-Workmen's Compensation Unit. Ama-Regulation of Wages Orders asebenza ngokomkhakha, kuhlanganise ezolimo, ezokwakha, ezokukhiqiza nokucubungula, ubunjiniyela bezimoto, abezindaba, umsebenzi wasekhaya nokuvikeleka kwangasese. Imininingwane yomsebenzi ebhaliwe ivame ukukhomba usuku lokuqala, iholo nendlela yokulibala, isikhathi sokukhokha, amahora avamile, incazelo yomsebenzi, isikhathi sokuhlolwa, ikhefu, amaholide omphakathi akhokhelwayo, izinhlinzeko zokugula, ezokubeletha, amakhefu okuncelisa nokwazisa ngaphambi kokushiya umsebenzi. Izilawuli zokuphepha zibaluleke kakhulu kwezokwakha, kwezokukhiqiza, kwezolimo, kwezokuthutha nasemsebenzini wezimboni nowezempilo. Kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa kwamafekthri, amabhoyila, izitsha ezinengcindezi, amakheshi okuphakamisa nemishini yokuphakamisa, futhi abahloli bangakhipha imiyalelo yokuthuthukisa noma yokumisa umsebenzi. Ukulimala emsebenzini kungadinga ukubhaliswa, ukuhlolwa kwesinxephezelo nokuxazululwa kwengxabano. Ukuthuthuka emsebenzini kuyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwemisebenzi elawulwayo nengalawulwa. Emsebenzini wezandla onamakhono, i-Trade Testing ingasiza ekuthuthukeni ukusuka ku-Grade 3 kuye ku-Grade 2 bese ku-Grade 1. I-DIVT ingase futhi isekele ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono, ukuqeqeshwa kabusha nokuqeqeshwa endaweni yokusebenza, kanti i-Training Levy Fund ingaba umthombo ongase ufinyeleleke wezimali. Ekufundiseni, ukuthuthuka kungahlanganisa ukuqokwa, ukuqinisekiswa, ukuhlolwa komsebenzi, ukukhushulwa nokudluliselwa. Emsebenzini wobuhlengikazi, izindlela zomsebenzi zingashintsha ngokuvuselelwa kokubhaliswa, izinqumo zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe, imithetho yomkhawulo womsebenzi nemfundo eqhubekayo. Emisebenzini yasehhovisi, yezinsizakalo, yezolimo noma yezobuchwepheshe engalawulwa, abaqashi bavame ukubheka kakhulu ulwazi, ikhono lasemsebenzini, ukuqeqeshwa kwangaphakathi nokufunda okwengeziwe ngoba alukho uhla olulodwa lwemisebenzi lukazwelonke. Uchwepheshe wangaphandle kufanele agcine izinqubo eziningana zihlukene. I-Training and Localisation Unit ibuyekeza izicelo zezimvume zokusebenza, yeluleka iziphathimandla zezokufika, ikhuthaza ukuqashwa kwabasebenzi bendawo abanamakhono futhi ingahlola izinhlelo zokuqeqesha noma izinhlelo zokufunda komuntu ongumfundi nokudlulisa amakhono. I-Immigration Department iphethe izimvume zokuhlala isikhashana nezokusebenza. Ifayela lesisebenzi lingadinga i-Form 3, incwadi yomqashi, ubufakazi bokuthi isikhundla sakhangiswa, imvume yamaphoyisa, izitifiketi zeziqu, isitifiketi sezempilo namadokhumenti abonisa ukubhaliswa komqashi. Imvume yokusebenza ayithathi indawo yokuqashelwa kweziqu, ukubhaliswa komkhakha noma ilayisensi yobungcweti. Inhlangano efanele nayo ingadinga izivivinyo ezengeziwe, izimali zokubhalisa noma ubufakazi bezindinganiso zendawo. Alukho uhlelo lwezimali ezweni lonke oluthembekile oluhlanganisa yonke imisebenzi. Abahlinzeki bemfundo ephakeme nokuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe babeka izimali zokufunda nezokufaka isicelo, kanti imikhandlu yobungcweti ibeka izimali zokubhalisa noma zokuvuselela ezihlukile ngomsebenzi. Isikhathi naso siyahlukahluka: ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kweminyaka emihlanu kunesikhathi esicacile sokuqeqeshwa, kanti ukuthola ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wezandla kuncike eminyakeni, olwazini, emibhalweni nasekuhlelweni kwephaneli. Ukuqinisekiswa kweziqu, ukubhaliswa kobungcweti, izimvume zokusebenza nokuqashwa komqashi kuyizinqubo ezihlukene, ngakho kungadinga imibhalo ehlukene nezikhathi zokulinda ezehlukene. Ukuhlola inhlangano efanele, izimfuneko zeziqu zamanje, isimo sokubhaliswa esidingekayo, izimali ezilindelekile nemibandela yomsebenzi ebhaliwe kunikeza isithombe esinembile kunokuthembela egameni lomsebenzi lodwa.