Languages in Sweden

Swedish, called svenska, is the principal language used in schools, public administration, most workplaces and everyday services in Sweden. Learning Swedish helps a person understand information, make contacts and take part in society. Local accents and dialects can sound different, but they belong to the same language community. English is widely taught in school and is common in international work, higher education and travel. It can help with communication, but it does not replace Swedish for many local services, official messages and community situations. A learner often benefits from developing both languages. Sweden has five recognised national minority languages: Finnish, Meänkieli, Sami, Romani Chib and Yiddish. The Sami languages include several varieties. These languages have a special historical and cultural position, and support can depend on the person’s connection to the language and the local authority. Swedish Sign Language, called svenskt teckenspråk, is used by Deaf people and others who communicate visually. It has its own grammar and is not simply spoken Swedish shown with the hands. Communication support may involve sign language, interpreters, visual materials or other adaptations. Children and pupils who use another language at home may be able to receive mother-tongue teaching, called modersmålsundervisning. This is an organised educational form and is not the same as ordinary Swedish lessons. The school or municipality explains the local application and eligibility process. Newly arrived pupils may receive Swedish as a second language, called svenska som andraspråk, when that subject is appropriate for them. Language development can also be supported inside ordinary lessons. The aim is to learn subject knowledge while building Swedish step by step. Language matters in healthcare, work, school, housing and public administration. A person should say when a message is not understood and ask for simpler wording or interpretation where appropriate. Guessing the meaning of an important document can create avoidable problems. Start with everyday Swedish that is useful for introductions, appointments, directions and school or work tasks. Combine conversation, reading, listening and writing. Keep the home language active as well, because a strong first language can support learning and identity.